Basic Spironolactone Information

• INN (International Nonproprietary Name) • Brand names available in Canada • ATC Code • Forms & dosages (e.g., tablets, injections, creams) • Manufacturers in Canada • Registration status in Canada • OTC / Rx classification

What Is Spironolactone?

Spironolactone is a **potassium-sparing diuretic** that serves as a critical component in treating various health conditions. Known globally by its **International Nonproprietary Name (INN)**, it’s available in different formulations and marketed under several brand names.

Brand Names & Packaging In Canada

In Canada, the medication is commonly sold under the names **Aldactone** and **Aldactazide**. These brands are packaged primarily in tablet forms, available in strengths of **25 mg**, **50 mg**, and **100 mg**. Some products may include **hydrochlorothiazide**, offering added benefits. Below is a brief overview of packaging details:

Brand Name	Country/Region	Packaging Details
Aldactone	Canada, USA, Several Countries	Tablets: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg
Aldactazide	Canada, USA, Other Regions	Combo tablets (with hydrochlorothiazide)

ATC Code For Spironolactone

The **ATC Code** for spironolactone is **C03DA01**. This classification reflects its role as a **potassium-sparing diuretic** and an **aldosterone antagonist**. These designations highlight its effectiveness in retaining potassium while promoting the excretion of sodium and water, addressing fluid retention issues.

Manufacturers In Canada And Europe

Spironolactone is produced by several renowned manufacturers, ensuring that patients across Canada and Europe have access to this essential medication. Major global firms like **Pfizer** spearhead its production, while other manufacturers include **Searle**, and regional companies such as **Lepetit** and **Riemser**. This array of producers guarantees a consistent supply of quality medications.

Registration Status

The drug is **approved for prescription use** by regulatory bodies including **Health Canada**, the **US FDA**, and the **EMA** in Europe. Each of these agencies has thoroughly evaluated spironolactone, confirming its safety and efficacy in treating specific health conditions.

Classification Of Spironolactone

Across most regions, spironolactone is classified as a **prescription-only medication (Rx)**. This classification emphasizes the importance of professional oversight during its use, ensuring that patients benefit from informed healthcare decisions.

Final Thoughts On Spironolactone

Whether utilized for addressing chronic conditions such as heart failure or hypertension, or for treating cases of fluid retention, spironolactone plays a vital role in patient care. With robust backing from reputable manufacturers and regulatory approvals, its consistent use underscores its necessity in the healthcare landscape.

Dosage & Administration

Understanding the correct dosage of spironolactone is essential for effective treatment. Patients often wonder what doses are right for their specific conditions.

**Typical Dosage by Condition:**

For edema, the common starting dose is typically 100 mg per day. This can be adjusted depending on individual response and needs. For managing hypertension, initial doses range from 25 to 100 mg daily. However, those diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism may require higher dosages, generally between 100 to 400 mg. These adjustments are vital to ensure effective management of symptoms.

**Adjustments for Age or Comorbidities:**

Elderly patients often need to start at the lower end of prescribed doses due to increased risks associated with kidney impairment. It’s crucial they are monitored closely. In terms of pediatric dosing, it ranges from 1 to 3 mg per kg of body weight per day. Adjustments should also be made carefully with attention to the child's response and overall health.

**Treatment Duration, Storage, Transport:**

Treatment for conditions like hypertension and heart failure is usually chronic. For acne treatment, it’s common to continue use for 3 to 6 months for optimal results. Proper storage is essential; spironolactone should be kept at a temperature of 20 to 25°C. Ensure to protect it from moisture and light. When transporting, maintain standard conditions, avoiding extremes in temperature.

Safety & Warnings

Choosing to take spironolactone raises important questions about safety and potential risks involved.

**Contraindications:**

There are absolute contraindications that must be respected. These include anuria, acute renal insufficiency, Addison’s disease, and known hypersensitivity to spironolactone. Understanding these can prevent serious health issues from arising.

**Side Effects:**

Common side effects include gastrointestinal problems like upset stomach, drowsiness, and menstrual irregularities, especially in females. While these might be bothersome, they are usually not severe. Serious reactions, though rare, can involve liver dysfunction or significant electrolyte imbalances, which necessitate prompt medical attention.

**Special Precautions:**

Monitoring is crucial for patients who are pregnant, those with renal issues, and anyone taking other medications that impact potassium levels. Notably, there are no black box warnings currently associated with spironolactone, but staying informed through healthcare professionals is always wise.

Patient Experience

Getting an idea of how others experience spironolactone can help new users understand what to expect.

**Reviews from Users:**

Many patients have shared their experiences, noting the medication's effectiveness in managing symptoms like fluid retention and hypertension. However, concerns about side effects, such as drowsiness and menstrual complications, often arise. It’s essential to discuss these issues openly with healthcare providers.

**User Feedback from Forums:**

Online platforms like Drugs.com and Reddit showcase a variety of user experiences, reflecting a mosaic of anecdotal evidence regarding its effectiveness. Some users find spironolactone beneficial for acne and hirsutism, further broadening its appeal.

**Subjective Insights:**

Patient feedback emphasizes the importance of consistent monitoring and adherence to prescribed dosages. Many report a noticeable improvement in their quality of life, even as they navigate initial side effects, underscoring the balance in treatment between benefits and challenges faced.

Alternatives to Spironolactone

When considering treatment options in Canada, various alternatives to spironolactone are available. These include:

• Eplerenone
• Amiloride
• Hydrochlorothiazide

Each medication has its specific indications, which can influence a healthcare provider's choice based on the patient's condition.

Comparison Table

Medication	Class	Effectiveness	Price (CAD)	Availability
Spironolactone	Aldosterone antagonist	Moderate	$15/month	Prescription only
Eplerenone	Selective aldosterone antagonist	High	$30/month	Prescription only
Hydrochlorothiazide	Thiazide diuretic	Moderate	$10/month	Prescription only

Among local doctors, spironolactone is often the preferred choice, especially for conditions requiring potassium-sparing effects, such as heart failure.

Market Overview in Canada

Pharmacies across Canada ensure that spironolactone is easily accessible. Major chains like Shoppers Drug Mart and Rexall stock it, alongside various online pharmacies.

The average price of spironolactone typically falls between CAD $15-30, depending on the dosage and specific pharmacy offerings.

In terms of packaging, the medication is commonly found in blister packs or bottles, with the standard package containing 30 tablets.

Demand for spironolactone remains steady throughout the year; however, there tends to be an increase in use during colder months. This surge is often attributed to conditions that lead to fluid retention, necessitating diuretic therapy.

Research and Trends on Spironolactone

Recent meta-analyses have added depth to our understanding of spironolactone. Current studies highlight its effectiveness in managing treatment-resistant hypertension and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This is paving the way for expanding the therapeutic applications of the drug.

Ongoing research focuses on the medication's efficacy in treating chronic conditions and exploring combination therapies with spironolactone to enhance patient outcomes.

Spironolactone is off-patent, making way for a variety of generic options available in Canada. This availability improves accessibility for patients while reducing their out-of-pocket costs.

Guidelines for Proper Use of Spironolactone

Taking spironolactone correctly can make a significant difference in its effectiveness. It is recommended to take this medication with food. This practice improves absorption and is typically done once daily or as instructed by a healthcare provider.

While on spironolactone, it's essential to avoid:

• High-potassium foods
• Alcohol

Both can increase the likelihood of side effects. Also, caution is advised when taking other medications that may influence potassium levels.

Store spironolactone at room temperature (20-25°C), ensuring it's kept in a well-closed container, away from moisture and light. Never double up on doses if one is missed; devices like pill organizers can be handy for maintaining accurate dosing schedules.

Always read the patient leaflet provided with the medication for specific advice tailored to individual health needs and consult healthcare professionals if there are any concerns.